The way to design Google Docs (Episode 4)

On this publication, we are going to speak concerning the following:

The way to deploy companies

Deploying or upgrading companies is dangerous. On this publish, we discover threat mitigation methods.

The diagram beneath illustrates the frequent ones.

Multi-Service Deployment

On this mannequin, we deploy new adjustments to a number of companies concurrently. This method is simple to implement. However since all of the companies are upgraded on the identical time, it’s exhausting to handle and take a look at dependencies. It’s additionally exhausting to rollback safely.

Blue-Inexperienced Deployment

With blue-green deployment, now we have two similar environments: one is staging (blue) and the opposite is manufacturing (inexperienced). The staging atmosphere is one model forward of manufacturing. As soon as testing is finished within the staging atmosphere, person site visitors is switched to the staging atmosphere, and the staging turns into the manufacturing. This deployment technique is easy to carry out rollback, however having two similar manufacturing high quality environments may very well be costly.

Canary Deployment

A canary deployment upgrades companies steadily, every time to a subset of customers. It’s cheaper than blue-green deployment and simple to carry out rollback. Nevertheless, since there isn’t any staging atmosphere, now we have to check on manufacturing. This course of is extra difficult as a result of we have to monitor the canary whereas steadily migrating increasingly more customers away from the outdated model.

A/B Take a look at

Within the A/B take a look at, completely different variations of companies run in manufacturing concurrently. Every model runs an “experiment” for a subset of customers. A/B take a look at is an affordable technique to check new options in manufacturing. We have to management the deployment course of in case some options are pushed to customers accidentally.

Over to you – Which deployment technique have you ever used? Did you witness any deployment-related outages in manufacturing and why did they occur?

Google doc design

One image is value greater than a thousand phrases. On this publish, we are going to check out the right way to design Google Docs

1️⃣ Purchasers ship doc modifying operations to the WebSocket Server.

2️⃣ The true-time communication is dealt with by the WebSocket Server.

3️⃣ Paperwork operations are persevered within the Message Queue.

4️⃣ The File Operation Server consumes operations produced by purchasers and generates reworked operations utilizing collaboration algorithms.

5️⃣ Three forms of information are saved: file metadata, file content material, and operations. 

One of many largest challenges is real-time battle decision. Frequent algorithms embrace:

🔹 Operational transformation (OT)

🔹 Differential Synchronization (DS)

🔹 Battle-free replicated information sort (CRDT)

Google Doc makes use of OT in response to its Wikipedia web page and CRDT is an energetic space of analysis for real-time concurrent modifying.

Over to you – Have you ever encountered any points whereas utilizing Google Docs? If that’s the case, what do you assume may need brought about the difficulty?

Signed Ebook GIVEAWAY

Signed Ebook GIVEAWAY!

My co-author Sahn Lam and I might be giving freely 10 signed copies of the System Design Interview e-book (Quantity 2). 

Delivery is on us. Sure, we do worldwide transport so long as USPS helps it.

Click on right here for extra particulars.

Software program Structure Developments Report

Attention-grabbing learn: Software program Structure and Design InfoQ Developments Report — April 2022

Key takeaways:  “Information plus structure” is the concept that, extra often, software program structure is adapting to think about information. This holistically contains information high quality, information pipelines, and traceability to know how information influenced selections and AI fashions.

Revolutionary software program structure is facilitating information high quality the best way we’ve improved code high quality. Catching dangerous information early is as necessary as catching bugs early.

The apply of software program structure doesn’t belong solely to folks with the job title of architect. Each engineer can actively take part within the structure, and designers ought to assist facilitate that course of.

One constructive advantage of the pandemic and the shift to distant and hybrid work is elevated asynchronous communication, which might manifest as Structure Determination Data (ADRs).

Software program architects are adapting their suggestions loops, which could be difficult when coping with colleagues throughout many time zones or different distant work constraints. Good architects are studying from distributed working the right way to design higher distributed programs.“ [1]

Over to you – what are a few of the tendencies you see in software program improvement in 2022?

[1] Software program Structure and Design InfoQ Developments Report — April 2022